INDEPENDENCE DAY (India) | 15 AUGUST

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 INDEPENDENCE DAY ( INDIA )


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An Overview

Independence Day is celebrated annually on 15 August, as a national holiday in India commemorating the India's independence from the United Kingdom ( British Rule ) on 15 August 1947, the day when the provisions of the Indian Independent Act 1947, passed by the United Kingdom Parliament which transferred the legislative sovereignty to the Constituent Assembly of India came into effect. India retained King George VI as the head of the state until the became fully republic and the dominion prefix was replace by the  Constitution of India 1950. India attained its independence by following the Independent Movement for largely civil disobedience and non-violent resistance.


The partition coincided with the Independence of India, in which British India was divided along religious lines into the Dominions of India and Pakistan; the partition was carried out by mass casualties due to the violent riots. It led to a displacement of over 15 million people due to religious violence. On 15 August 1947, Jawaharlal Nehru, the first Prime Minister of Republic India raised the Indian national flag above the Lahori Gate of the Red Fort in Delhi for the very first time in Indian history. On every Independence Day , the Current Prime Minister raises the Indian flag and addresses the nation. The entire event is a live broadcast by Doordarshan, India's national broadcaster and usually begins with the Shehnai music of Ustag Bismillah Khan.

Independence Day is celebrated as a national holiday and is observed throughout India with the Flag-hoisting ceremonies, parades and various cultural evnets.
 

Independence And Partition


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Millions of Muslims, Hindu and Sikh refugees trekked the newly drawn borders creating Inda and Pakistan two different countries . This took place in the surrounding months of independence. In Punjab, where the borders divided the Sikh regions in halves, massive bloodshed followed; in Bihar and Bengal, where the presence of Mahatma Gandhi assuaged communal tempers, the violence was mitigated. Between 250,000 and 1,000,000 people died on both the sides of the newely drawn borders in the violence. The Independence Day of Pakistan, the Dominion of Pakistan came into existence and Muhammad Ali Jinnah was sworn in as its first Governor General in Karachi, on 14 August 1947.


The Constituent Assembly of India met for its fifth session at 11 pm on 14 August in the Constitution Hall in New Delhi.[22] The session was chaired by the president Rajendra Prasad. In this session, Jawaharlal Nehru delivered the Tryst with Destiny speech proclaiming India's independence.



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Long years ago we made a tryst with destiny, and now the time comes when we shall redeem our pledge, not wholly or in full measure, but very substantially. At the stroke of the midnight hour, when the world sleeps, India will awake to life and freedom. A moment comes, which comes but rarely in history, when we step out from the old to the new, when an age ends, and when the soul of a nation, long suppressed, finds utterance. It is fitting that at this solemn moment, we take the pledge of dedication to the service of India and her people and to the still larger cause of humanity.

— Tryst with Destiny speech, Jawaharlal Nehru, 15 August 1947[23]


The members of the Assembly formally took the pledge of being in the service of the country. A group of women, representing the women of India, formally presented the national flag to the assembly.

India became an independent country as official ceremonies took place in New Delhi. The viceroy, Lord Mountbatten, continued as its first governal general and Nehru assumed office as the first Prime Minister of Republic India. Gandhi's name was all over the crowd, but Gandhi himself took no part in any of the official events. Instead, he marked the day with a 24 hour fast, during which he spoke to a crowd in Calcutta, encouraging peace between Hindus and Muslims.

 


 

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